Principles that teacher use in helping african american english Assignment

Principles that teacher use in helping african american english speaking student to become bidialectal - Assignment Example In order to learn and work well in America, this group is required to learn the standard American English that cuts across all cultures. There are guiding principles of teaching African American English speaking people to become bi-dialectal. The core principle to teaching them Standard English is combining culture, language, and literacy. Standard English should be taught as a second language and not taken as correcting or eroding the native language (Perry and Delpit 80). In order for the learners to appreciate the language, their culture must be studied and encompassed into the curriculum. This would produce a culturally responsive, appropriate, and relevant system of Education (Alim and Baugh 24). Educators that have attempted to teach Standard English to Ebonics as correcting the shortcomings of their native language either have failed to improve the Standard English speaking capability of this group or have achieved very little. In some cases, Blacks have dropped out of the sys tem in protest of the lack of recognition or respect for their culture. By studying the culture/language of the American blacks the following can be taken as guiding principles of teaching them Standard English (Hudley, Charity Ann and Mallinson 70-90). Development of Sensitivity of Rhymes For young learners, teachers can aid them practice nursery rhymes and games, such as hand clapping. To be able to appreciate both Standard English and the local dialect, they should rhyme in both dialects. Teachers may examine the rhyming differences that learners hear and use to increase their sensitivity to sound patterns and become acquainted with the linguistics. In the case of learners in higher grades, teachers may impart the rhyme sensitivity by introducing word games and some aspects of verbal play into the classroom. This should be done both in Standard and African American English. Students can also learn rhyming through composing poems and lyrics, analyzing them and writing reviews (Ali m and Baugh 19). Students should be allowed to compose songs in their dialect especially in hip hop style they are famously known of. They should recite these in front of the class. Learners should then discuss how words that rhyme in their native dialect are similar or different from those of the Standard English. They should also be encouraged to write reviews of songs or poems and take note of instances where the composer used Standard English or African American English. The exercise of composing, analyzing, and writing reviews of songs and poetry enhance knowledge, rhyme sensitivity, and word formation. In a nut shell the teacher is encouraging learners to express themselves both in their native language and the Standard English in order to develop language flexibility. Teachers can also come up with mechanisms that allow learners to compare and contrast lyrics/poems composed in different dialects including their own. Students should keenly explore the styles in the different p oems and also note the advantages and disadvantages of each style. By comparing and contrasting different styles, they appreciate the importance of each dialect and will be encouraged to learn the Standard English because they are aware that their dialect is also recognized alongside the Standard English. Grammar The use of ‘ain’t’ in African American English: - The African American English has phrases that are commonly used that are viewed by the rules of Standard English

Assignment 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Assignment 1 - Research Paper Example There was sanctification of the war against the heretics of the Christian church in Western Europe. These however were as a result of the successful Levant campaigns and expeditions. It is therefore worth noting that the success of the Levant’s Crusaders was important and instrumental to the developments that followed. The initial Levant crusaders emerged as a result of revival of the religious feelings as well as the missionary zeal that was evident in Europe during the tenth century. 1Personal, economic and political expansionisms are also thought to have resulted into the coming of the crusaders to Muslim Levant. During this time the crusaders were considered to be fighting the holy wars. The dominance of the worldliness spirits was a major contributor to the nature of holy wars. This is because the priests were seen as very powerful individuals representing the people in another world. In this perspective, they had a lot of influence on the western church as they represent ed part of the papacy’s secular policy that controlled the activities of the western church. However, the popes and the priests had certain reasons why they motivated their faithful to wars against the Muslims. The teachings by the priests and popes were influential since the believers and faithful perceived the war in a different perspective. Most of them believed that it was a direct way to salvation through pilgrimage. However, pilgrimage was not common among the believers since it had been taking place in the European continent. Pilgrimage was witnessed in the theaters where Christians and Muslims shared common frontiers. They included Italy, Spain, Asia Minor, Sicily and the sea. In Jerusalem, there were other groups under arms organized mainly for mutual protection. These represented pilgrimages in Jerusalem and its neighborhood as well and the powerful influence that pope and the priests had on the faithful. 2The other reason why the crusaders went on to Levant was bec ause of the belief that it gives an opportunity to divert the destructive war to a more useful purpose. The idea here is that the warlike energies are channeled away from the destructive endemic among the Christ people. This was good for the Christian community since it helped in the development of the new efforts to enforce God’s peace and truce among the believers, and fight the wicked. They believed that for an individual to proceed to the other world, one had to fight hard and win the war on earth. Fighting hard on earth as well as being obedience to the natural instinct was instrumental in helping the men gain the fruits of asceticism. The objective and the goal of crusaders were to spread Christianity at the available possible cost over the whole world. Generally, the major factor that contributed to the coming of the crusaders to the Muslim Levant was because of the strong and immediate policy that attempted to make Christianity universal even at the edge of sword in a ll parts of the world. The expeditions by the western church to capture and secure the Holy land resulted into the establishment of domains in Levant. This represents a broader struggle between the Christians and Muslims that tested the ability of each religion to control Levant. Christians thought the influence of the Muslim society in Levant